1. Molecular Biology:
- Focuses on the molecular mechanisms within cells, including DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
- Techniques include PCR, gel electrophoresis, and CRISPR gene editing.
2. Genetics:
- Studies heredity and genetic variations.
- Involves gene mapping, genome sequencing, and understanding genetic disorders.
3. Biochemistry:
- Examines the chemical processes within living organisms.
- Enzymes, metabolic pathways, and biomolecules are key areas of study.
4. Microbiology:
- Investigates microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
- Includes studies on infection, antibiotics, and immune responses.
5. Immunology:
- Focuses on the immune system and its role in protecting the body from pathogens.
- Research areas include vaccines, autoimmune diseases, and immunotherapies.
6. Pharmacology:
- Studies drug actions and interactions within the body.
- Encompasses drug design, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic uses.
7. Physiology:
- Examines the functions and mechanisms in a living system.
- Includes studies on organ systems, cellular functions, and homeostasis.
8. Pathology:
- Investigates the causes and effects of diseases.
- Involves studying tissue samples, cell abnormalities, and disease mechanisms.
9. Biomedical Engineering:
- Applies engineering principles to medicine and biology.
- Involves developing medical devices, imaging technologies, and biomaterials.
10. Clinical Research:
- Conducts trials and studies to test the effectiveness and safety of treatments.
- Involves protocols, patient trials, and data analysis.
Applications and Careers:
- Biomedical science careers span research, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology.
- Roles include biomedical scientist, clinical researcher, genetic counselor, microbiologist, and pharmacologist.
Current Trends:
- Personalized medicine: Tailoring treatments based on individual genetic profiles.
- Regenerative medicine: Using stem cells and tissue engineering to repair or replace damaged tissues.
- Advances in diagnostic tools: Improving early detection and monitoring of diseases.
No comments:
Post a Comment